MEASURES UNDERTAKEN IN ORDER TO REDUCE INJURIES DURING THE VEHICLE - PEDESTRIANS COLLISIONS

Abstract

Thousands of passengers are killed in European Union every year. Beginning with the seventies, there have been enhanced researches in the field of passenger safety aiming at determining the causes of accidents and injuries as well as ways to prevent and reduce them. A great amount of studies undertaking injuries mechanisms, tolerance levels, motor vehicle design influences upon the impact, protection evaluation techniques and safety countermeasures, have been developed by replacing passengers with biological specimens, mechanical dummies and mathematical models. The impact velocity and motor vehicle frontal structures, including geometry and rigidity, have proved to be important factors that produce trauma. The paper hereby analyzes the impact between the touring car and the bidimensional pedestrian. The touring car has a constructive configuration disposed with a double bumper. The second bumper is positioned under the first bumper and it is withdrawn backwards to a certain degree. There will be varied the bumpers positioning heights, the impact force distribution on the two bumpers, the total impact force remaining constant, and there will be calculated the velocities imprinted at the pedestrian thorax and head. The touring car rolling condition does not consider pitch movements.